Commit Graph

505 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Michael Brown
636ccb4ca5 [block] Allow for additional SAN boot parameters alongside filename
The drive specification alone does not necessarily contain enough
information to perform a SAN boot (or local disk boot) under UEFI.  If
the next-stage bootloader is installed in the EFI system partition
under a non-standard name (e.g. "\EFI\debian\grubx64.efi") then this
explicit boot filename must also be specified.

Generalise this concept to use a "SAN boot configuration parameters"
structure (currently containing only the optional explicit boot
filename), to allow for easy expansion to provide other parameters
such as the partition UUID or volume label.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2024-03-06 12:19:22 +00:00
Michael Brown
b1c13cc43e [efi] Allow booting from local disks via the "sanboot" command
Extend the EFI SAN boot code to allow for booting from a local disk,
as is already possible with the BIOS SAN boot code.

There is unfortunately no direct UEFI equivalent of the BIOS drive
number.  The UEFI shell does provide numbered mappings fs0:, blk0:,
etc, but these numberings exist only while the UEFI shell is running
and are not necessarily stable between shell invocations or across
reboots.

A substantial amount of existing third-party documentation for iPXE
will suggest using "sanboot --drive 0x80" to boot from a local disk
(when no SAN drives are present), since this suggestion has been
present in the official documentation for the "sanboot" command for
almost thirteen years.  We therefore aim to ensure that this
instruction will also work for UEFI, i.e. that in a situation where
there are local disks but no SAN disks, then the first local disk will
be treated as being drive 0x80.

We therefore assign local disks the virtual drive numbers 0x80, 0x81,
etc, matching the numbering typically used in a BIOS environment.
Where a SAN disk is already occupying one of these drive numbers, the
local disks' virtual drive numbers will be incremented as necessary.
This provides a rough approximation of the equivalent functionality
under BIOS, where existing local disks' drive numbers are remapped to
make way for SAN disks.

We do not make any attempt to sort the list of local disks: the order
used for allocating virtual drive numbers will be whatever order is
returned by LocateHandle().  This will typically match the creation
order of the EFI handles, which will typically match the hardware
enumeration order of the devices, which will typically match user
expectations as to which local disk is first, second, etc.

We explicitly do not attempt to match the numbering used by the UEFI
shell (which initially sorts in increasing order of device path, but
does not renumber when new devices are added or removed).  We can
never guarantee matching this partly transient UEFI shell numbering,
so it is best not to set any expectation that it will be matched.
(Using local drive numbers starting at 0x80 helps to avoid setting up
this impossible expectation, since the UEFI shell uses local drive
numbers starting at zero.)

Since floppy disks are essentially non-existent in any plausible UEFI
system, overload "--drive 0" to mean "boot from any drive containing
the specified (or default) boot filename".

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2024-03-05 13:25:35 +00:00
Michael Brown
37edfea72b [efi] Generalise block device boot to support arbitrary EFI handles
SAN devices created by iPXE are visible to the firmware, and may be
accessed using the firmware's standard block I/O device interface
(e.g. INT 13 for BIOS, or EFI_BLOCK_IO_PROTOCOL for UEFI).  The iPXE
code to perform a SAN boot acts as a client of this standard block I/O
device interface, even when the underlying block I/O is being
performed by iPXE itself.

We rely on this separation to allow the "sanboot" command to be used
to boot from a local disk: since the code to perform a SAN boot does
not need direct access to an underlying iPXE SAN device, it may be
used to boot from any device providing the firmware's standard block
I/O device interface.

Clean up the EFI SAN boot code to require only a drive number and an
EFI_BLOCK_IO_PROTOCOL handle, in preparation for adding support for
booting from a local disk under UEFI.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2024-03-04 15:25:25 +00:00
Michael Brown
eb720d2224 [efi] Use file system protocol to check for SAN boot filename existence
The "sanboot" command allows a custom boot filename to be specified
via the "--filename" option.  We currently rely on LoadImage() to
perform both the existence check and to load the image ready for
execution.  This may give a false negative result if Secure Boot is
enabled and the boot file is not correctly signed.

Carry out the existence check using EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL
separately from loading the image via LoadImage().

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2024-03-04 14:57:25 +00:00
Michael Brown
75c7904482 [block] Use drive number as debug message stream ID
We currently use the SAN device pointer as the debug message stream
identifier.  This pointer is not always available: for example, when
booting from a local disk there is no underlying SAN device.

Switch to using the drive number as the debug message colour stream
identifier, so that all block device debug messages may be colourised
consistently.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2024-03-04 12:50:25 +00:00
Michael Brown
1b23d4de25 [efi] Use long forms of device paths in debug messages
We currently call ConvertDevicePathToText() with DisplayOnly=TRUE when
constructing a device path to appear within a debug message.  For
ATAPI device paths, this will unfortunately omit some key information:
the textual representation will not indicate which ATA bus or drive is
represented.  This can lead to misleading debug messages that appear
to refer to identical devices.

Fix by setting DisplayOnly=FALSE to select the long form of device
path textual representations.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2024-03-04 12:15:20 +00:00
Michael Brown
182ee90931 [efi] Work around broken boot services table manipulation by UEFI shim
The UEFI shim installs wrappers around several boot services functions
before invoking its next stage bootloader, in an attempt to enforce
its desired behaviour upon the aforementioned bootloader.  For
example, shim checks that the bootloader has either invoked
StartImage() or has called into the "shim lock protocol" before
allowing an ExitBootServices() call to proceed.

When invoking a shim, iPXE will also install boot services function
wrappers in order to work around assorted bugs in the UEFI shim code
that would otherwise prevent it from being used to boot a kernel.  For
details on these workarounds, see commits 28184b7 ("[efi] Add support
for executing images via a shim") and 5b43181 ("[efi] Support versions
of shim that perform SBAT verification").

Using boot services function wrappers in this way is not intrinsically
problematic, provided that wrappers are installed before starting the
wrapped program, and uninstalled only after the wrapped program exits.
This strict ordering requirement ensures that all layers of wrappers
are called in the expected order, and that no calls are issued through
a no-longer-valid function pointer.

Unfortunately, the UEFI shim does not respect this strict ordering
requirement, and will instead uninstall (and reinstall) its wrappers
midway through the execution of the wrapped program.  This leaves the
wrapped program with an inconsistent view of the boot services table,
leading to incorrect behaviour.

This results in a boot failure when a first shim is used to boot iPXE,
which then uses a second shim to boot a Linux kernel:

  - First shim installs StartImage() and ExitBootServices() wrappers

  - First shim invokes iPXE via its own PE loader

  - iPXE installs ExitBootServices() wrapper

  - iPXE invokes second shim via StartImage()

At this point, the first shim's StartImage() wrapper will illegally
uninstall its ExitBootServices() wrapper, without first checking that
nothing else has modified the ExitBootServices function pointer.  This
effectively bypasses iPXE's own ExitBootServices() wrapper, which
causes a boot failure since the code within that wrapper does not get
called.

A proper fix would be for shim to install its wrappers before starting
the image and uninstall its wrappers only after the started image has
exited.  Instead of repeatedly uninstalling and reinstalling its
wrappers while the wrapped program is running, shim should simply use
a flag to keep track of whether or not it needs to modify the
behaviour of the wrapped calls.

Experience shows that there is unfortunately no point in trying to get
a fix for this upstreamed into shim.  We therefore work around the
shim bug by removing our ExitBootServices() wrapper and moving the
relevant code into our GetMemoryMap() wrapper.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2024-02-27 14:38:41 +00:00
Michael Brown
fa62213231 [smbios] Support scanning for the 64-bit SMBIOS3 entry point
Support scanning for the 64-bit SMBIOS3 entry point in addition to the
32-bit SMBIOS2 entry point.

Prefer use of the 32-bit entry point if present, since this is
guaranteed to be within accessible memory.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-12-29 19:38:47 +00:00
Michael Brown
98dd25a3bb [efi] Avoid modifying PE/COFF debug filename
The function efi_pecoff_debug_name() (called by efi_handle_name()) is
used to extract a filename from the debug data directory entry located
within a PE/COFF image.  The name is copied into a temporary static
buffer to allow for modifications, but the code currently erroneously
modifies the original name within the loaded PE/COFF image.

Fix by performing the modification on the copy in the temporary
buffer, as originally intended.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-11-29 12:49:06 +00:00
Michael Brown
ae4e85bde9 [netdevice] Allocate private data for each network upper-layer driver
Allow network upper-layer drivers (such as LLDP, which attaches to
each network device in order to provide a corresponding LLDP settings
block) to specify a size for private data, which will be allocated as
part of the network device structure (as with the existing private
data allocated for the underlying device driver).

This will allow network upper-layer drivers to be simplified by
omitting memory allocation and freeing code.  If the upper-layer
driver requires a reference counter (e.g. for interface
initialisation), then it may use the network device's existing
reference counter, since this is now the reference counter for the
containing block of memory.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-09-13 20:23:46 +01:00
Michael Brown
ae435cb4cc [efi] Process veto objects in reverse order of enumeration
While not guaranteed by the UEFI specification, the enumeration of
handles, protocols, and openers will generally return results in order
of creation.  Processing these objects in reverse order (as is already
done when calling DisconnectController() on the list of all handles)
will generally therefore perform the forcible uninstallation
operations in reverse order of object creation, which minimises the
number of implicit operations performed (e.g. when disconnecting a
controller that itself still has existent child controllers).

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-23 16:51:10 +01:00
Michael Brown
f8a0d1c0b8 [efi] Check for protocols opened by vetoed driver and image handles
The UEFI specification states that the AgentHandle may be either the
driving binding protocol handle or the image handle.

Check for both handles when searching for stale handles to be forcibly
closed on behalf of a vetoed driver.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-23 16:51:10 +01:00
Michael Brown
f0b1025503 [efi] Unload vetoed drivers by image handle rather than driver handle
In most cases, the driver handle will be the image handle itself.
However, this is not required by the UEFI specification, and some
images will install multiple driver binding handles.

Use the image handle (extracted from the driver binding protocol
instance) when attempting to unload the driver's image.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-23 16:51:10 +01:00
Michael Brown
c832580f19 [efi] Pass more detailed driver information to veto methods
Pass the driver binding handle, the driver binding protocol instance,
the image handle, and the loaded image protocol instance to all veto
methods.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-23 16:22:27 +01:00
Michael Brown
9a118322a0 [efi] Show manufacturer in veto debug output
Simplify the process of adding new entries to the veto list by
including the manufacturer name within the standard debug output.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-22 23:20:37 +01:00
Michael Brown
4fa4052c7e [efi] Provide read-only access to EFI variables via settings mechanism
EFI variables do not map neatly to the iPXE settings mechanism, since
the EFI variable identifier includes a namespace GUID that cannot
cleanly be supplied as part of a setting name.  Creating a new EFI
variable requires the variable's attributes to be specified, which
does not fit within iPXE's settings concept.

However, EFI variable names are generally unique even without the
namespace GUID, and EFI does provide a mechanism to iterate over all
existent variables.  We can therefore provide read-only access to EFI
variables by comparing only the names and ignoring the namespace
GUIDs.

Provide an "efi" settings block that implements this mechanism using a
syntax such as:

  echo Platform language is ${efi/PlatformLang:string}

  show efi/SecureBoot:int8

Settings are returned as raw binary values by default since an EFI
variable may contain boolean flags, integer values, ASCII strings,
UCS-2 strings, EFI device paths, X.509 certificates, or any other
arbitrary blob of data.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-09 14:37:44 +01:00
Michael Brown
25a3d3acab [efi] Veto the VMware UefiPxeBcDxe driver
The EDK2 UefiPxeBcDxe driver includes some remarkably convoluted and
unsafe logic in its driver binding protocol Start() and Stop() methods
in order to support a pair of nominally independent driver binding
protocols (one for IPv4, one for IPv6) sharing a single dynamically
allocated data structure.  This PXEBC_PRIVATE_DATA structure is
installed as a dummy protocol on the NIC handle in order to allow both
IPv4 and IPv6 driver binding protocols to locate it as needed.

The error handling code path in the UefiPxeBcDxe driver's Start()
method may attempt to uninstall the dummy protocol but fail to do so.
This failure is ignored and the containing memory is subsequently
freed anyway.  On the next invocation of the driver binding protocol,
it will find and use this already freed block of memory.  At some
point another memory allocation will occur, the PXEBC_PRIVATE_DATA
structure will be corrupted, and some undefined behaviour will occur.

The UEFI firmware used in VMware ESX 8 includes some proprietary
changes which attempt to install copies of the EFI_LOAD_FILE_PROTOCOL
and EFI_PXE_BASE_CODE_PROTOCOL instances from the IPv4 child handle
onto the NIC handle (along with a VMware-specific protocol with GUID
5190120d-453b-4d48-958d-f0bab3bc2161 and a NULL instance pointer).
This will inevitably fail with iPXE, since the NIC handle already
includes an EFI_LOAD_FILE_PROTOCOL instance.

These VMware proprietary changes end up triggering the unsafe error
handling code path described above.  The typical symptom is that an
attempt to exit from iPXE back to the UEFI firmware will crash the VM
with a General Protection fault from within the UefiPxeBcDxe driver:
this happens when the UefiPxeBcDxe driver's Stop() method attempts to
call through a function pointer in the (freed) PXEBC_PRIVATE_DATA
structure, but the function pointer has by then been overwritten by
UCS-2 character data from an unrelated memory allocation.

Work around this failure by adding the VMware UefiPxeBcDxe driver to
the driver veto list.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-08 12:24:07 +01:00
Michael Brown
8ab9bdca4f [efi] Include protocol interface address in debug output
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-08 11:15:27 +01:00
Michael Brown
12776acce5 [efi] Add UefiPxeBcDxe module GUID
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-07 13:00:24 +01:00
Michael Brown
367e022b5e [efi] Add HttpBootDxe module GUID
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-07 13:00:24 +01:00
Michael Brown
b9a60fb0b7 [efi] Add new IScsiDxe module GUID
The old IPv4-only IScsiDxe driver in MdeModulePkg/Universal/Network
was replaced by a dual-stack IScsiDxe driver in NetworkPkg.

Add the module GUID for this driver.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-07 12:57:51 +01:00
Michael Brown
a64764d10f [efi] Add HTTP header and GUID definitions
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-07 12:57:51 +01:00
Michael Brown
bc75bbaf17 [efi] Add DNS headers and GUID definitions
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-07 12:57:51 +01:00
Michael Brown
e7adf5701f [efi] Add Ip4Config2 header and GUID definition
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-07 12:57:51 +01:00
Michael Brown
92ab2de3a4 [efi] Add IPv6 versions of existing IPv4 headers and GUID definitions
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-06-07 12:27:06 +01:00
Michael Brown
5b43181436 [efi] Support versions of shim that perform SBAT verification
The UEFI shim implements a fairly nicely designed revocation mechanism
designed around the concept of security generations.  Unfortunately
nobody in the shim community has thus far added the relevant metadata
to the Linux kernel, with the result that current versions of shim are
incapable of booting current versions of the Linux kernel.

Experience shows that there is unfortunately no point in trying to get
a fix for this upstreamed into shim.  We therefore default to working
around this undesirable behaviour by patching data read from the
"SbatLevel" variable used to hold SBAT configuration.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-23 15:27:20 +01:00
Michael Brown
d2e1601cf4 [efi] Separate GetMemoryMap() wrapper from shim unlocker
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-23 14:52:30 +01:00
Michael Brown
28184b7c22 [efi] Add support for executing images via a shim
Add support for using a shim as a helper to execute an EFI image.
When a shim has been specified via shim(), the shim image will be
passed to LoadImage() instead of the selected EFI image and the
command line will be prepended with the name of the selected EFI
image.  The selected EFI image will be accessible to the shim via the
virtual filesystem as a hidden file.

Reduce the Secure Boot attack surface by removing, where possible, the
spurious requirement for a third party second stage loader binary such
as GRUB to be used solely in order to call the "shim lock protocol"
entry point.

Do not install the EFI PXE APIs when using a shim, since if shim finds
EFI_PXE_BASE_CODE_PROTOCOL on the loaded image's device handle then it
will attempt to download files afresh instead of using the files
already downloaded by iPXE and exposed via the EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM
protocol.  (Experience shows that there is no point in trying to get a
fix for this upstreamed into shim.)

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-22 15:37:11 +01:00
Michael Brown
3c214f0465 [efi] Add definitions for the UEFI shim lock protocol
The UEFI shim includes a "shim lock protocol" that can be used by a
third party second stage loader such as GRUB to verify a kernel image.

Add definitions for the relevant portions of this protocol interface.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-22 15:37:11 +01:00
Michael Brown
ce2200d5fb [efi] Add efi_asprintf() and efi_vasprintf()
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-22 15:10:16 +01:00
Michael Brown
c4a8d90387 [image] Generalise concept of selected image
Most image flags are independent values: any combination of flags may
be set for any image, and the flags for one image are independent of
the flags for any other image.  The "selected" flag does not follow
this pattern: at most one image may be marked as selected at any time.

When invoking a kernel via the UEFI shim, there will be multiple
"special" images: the selected kernel itself, the shim image, and
potentially a shim-signed GRUB binary to be used as a crutch to assist
shim in loading the kernel (since current versions of the UEFI shim
are not capable of directly loading a Linux kernel).

Remove the "selected" image flag and replace it with a general concept
of an image tag with the same semantics: a given tag may be assigned
to at most one image, an image may be found by its tag only while the
image is currently registered, and a tag will survive unregistration
and reregistration of an image (if it has not already been assigned to
a new image).  For visual consistency, also replace the current image
pointer with a current image tag.

The image pointer stored within the image tag holds only a weak
reference to the image, since the selection of an image should not
prevent that image from being freed.  (The strong reference to the
currently executing image is held locally within the execution scope
of image_exec(), and is logically separate from the current image
pointer.)

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-17 14:42:03 +01:00
Michael Brown
03eea19c19 [efi] Allow currently selected image to be opened as "grub*.efi"
Versions 15.4 and earlier of the UEFI shim are incapable of correctly
parsing the command line in order to extract the second stage loader
filename, and will always attempt to load "grubx64.efi" or equivalent.

Versions 15.3 and later of the UEFI shim are currently incapable of
loading a Linux kernel directly anyway, since the kernel does not
include SBAT metadata.  These versions will require a genuine
shim-signed GRUB binary to be used as a crutch to assist shim in
loading a Linux kernel.

This leaves versions 15.2 and earlier of the UEFI shim (as currently
used in e.g. RHEL7) as being capable of directly loading a Linux
kernel, but incorrectly attempting to load it using the filename
"grubx64.efi" or equivalent.  To support the bugs in these older
versions of the UEFI shim, allow the currently selected image to be
opened via any filename of the form "grub*.efi".

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-05 14:54:20 +01:00
Michael Brown
f9beb20e99 [image] Allow for images to be hidden from lists of all images
When invoking a kernel via the UEFI shim, the kernel (and potentially
also a helper binary such as GRUB) must be accessible via the virtual
filesystem exposed via EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL but must not be
present in the magic initrd constructed from all registered images.

Allow for images to be flagged as hidden, which will cause them to be
excluded from API-level lists of all images such as the virtual
filesystem directory contents, the magic initrd, or the Multiboot
module list.  Hidden images remain visible to iPXE commands including
"imgstat", which will show a "[HIDDEN]" flag for such images.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-05 14:54:20 +01:00
Michael Brown
f93e6b712f [efi] Show original filenames in debug messages
Show the original filename as used by the consumer when calling our
EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL's Open() method.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-05 13:05:28 +01:00
Michael Brown
22cc65535a [efi] Allow downloaded images to take precedence over constructed files
Try searching for a matching registered image before checking for
fixed filenames (such as "initrd.magic" for the dynamically generated
magic initrd file).  This minimises surprise by ensuring that an
explicitly downloaded image will always be used verbatim.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-05-05 13:05:28 +01:00
Michael Brown
09e8a15408 [efi] Claim fixed device paths by uninstalling device path protocol
As documented in commits 6a004be ("[efi] Support the initrd
autodetection mechanism in newer Linux kernels") and 04e60a2 ("[efi]
Omit EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL for a zero-length initrd"), the choice in
Linux of using a fixed device path requires bootloaders to allow for
the fact that a previous bootloader may have already installed a
handle with the fixed device path.

We currently deal with this situation by reusing the existing handle,
replacing the EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL instance with our own.  Simplify
the code by instead uninstalling the EFI_DEVICE_PATH_PROTOCOL instance
from the existing handle (if present), thereby allowing the creation
of a new handle to succeed.

Create the new handle only if we have a non-empty initrd to provide.
This works around bugs in bootloaders such as the systemd EFI stub
that fail to allow for the existence of multiple-bootloader chains.
(The workaround is not comprehensive: if the user has downloaded other
images in iPXE before invoking the systemd Unified Kernel Image (UKI),
then the systemd EFI stub will still crash and burn since it fails to
allow for the fact that a previous bootloader has already installed a
handle with the fixed device path.)

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-03-15 16:48:35 +00:00
Michael Brown
9e1f7a3659 [image] Always unregister currently executing image
We unregister script images during their execution, to prevent a
"boot" command from re-executing the containing script.  This also has
the side effect of preventing executing scripts from showing up within
the Linux magic initrd image (or the Multiboot module list).

Additional logic in bzimage.c and efi_file.c prevents a currently
executing kernel from showing up within the magic initrd image.
Similar logic in multiboot.c prevents the Multiboot kernel from
showing up as a Multiboot module.

This still leaves some corner cases that are not covered correctly.
For example: when using a gzip-compressed kernel image, nothing will
currently hide the original compressed image from the magic initrd.

Fix by moving the logic that temporarily unregisters the current image
from script_exec() to image_exec(), so that it applies to all image
types, and simplify the magic initrd and Multiboot module list
construction logic on the basis that no further filtering of the
registered image list is necessary.

This change has the side effect of hiding currently executing EFI
images from the virtual filesystem exposed by iPXE.  For example, when
using iPXE to boot wimboot, the wimboot binary itself will no longer
be visible within the virtual filesystem.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-03-07 12:22:19 +00:00
Michael Brown
e51e7bbad7 [image] Consistently use for_each_image() to iterate over images
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-03-06 16:56:37 +00:00
Michael Brown
04e60a278a [efi] Omit EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL for a zero-length initrd
When the Linux kernel is being used with no initrd, iPXE will still
provide a zero-length initrd.magic file within the virtual filesystem.
As of commit 6a004be ("[efi] Support the initrd autodetection
mechanism in newer Linux kernels"), this zero-length file will also be
exposed via an EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL instance on a handle with a
fixed device path.

The correct handling of zero-length files via EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL
is unfortunately not well defined.

Linux expects the first call to LoadFile() to always fail with
EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL.  When the initrd is genuinely zero-length, iPXE
will return success since the buffer is not too small to hold the
(zero-length) file.  This causes Linux to immediately report a
spurious EFI_LOAD_ERROR boot failure.

We could change the logic in iPXE's efi_file_load() to always return
EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL if Buffer is NULL on entry.  Since the correct
behaviour of LoadFile() in the corner case of a zero-length file is
left undefined by the UEFI specification, this would be permissible.

Unfortunately this approach would not fix the problem.  If we return
EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL and set the file length to zero, then Linux will
call the boot services AllocatePages() method with a zero length.  In
at least the EDK2 implementation, this combination of parameters will
cause AllocatePages() to return EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES, and Linux will
again report a boot failure.

Another approach would be to install the initrd device path handle
only if we have a non-empty initrd to offer.  Unfortunately this would
lead to a failure in yet another corner case: if a previous bootloader
has installed an initrd device path handle (e.g. to pass a boot script
to iPXE) then we must not leave that initrd in place, since then our
loaded kernel would end up seeing the wrong initrd content.

The cleanest fix seems to be to ensure that the initrd device path
handle is installed with the EFI_DEVICE_PATH_PROTOCOL instance present
but with the EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL instance absent (and forcibly
uninstalled if necessary), matching the state in which we leave the
handle after uninstalling our virtual filesystem.  Linux will then not
find any handle that supports EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL within the fixed
device path, and so will fall through to trying other mechanisms to
locate the initrd.

Reported-by: Chris Bradshaw <cwbshaw@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-02-28 12:30:54 +00:00
Michael Brown
471599dc77 [efi] Split out EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL as a separate entropy source
Commit 7ca801d ("[efi] Use the EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL as an entropy source
if available") added EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL as an alternative entropy source
via an ad-hoc mechanism specific to efi_entropy.c.

Split out EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL to a separate entropy source, and allow the
entropy core to handle the selection of RDRAND, EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL, or
timer ticks as the active source.

The fault detection logic added in commit a87537d ("[efi] Detect and
disable seriously broken EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL implementations") may be
removed completely, since the failure will already be detected by the
generic ANS X9.82-mandated repetition count test and will now be
handled gracefully by the entropy core.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-02-20 14:53:10 +00:00
Michael Brown
9f17d1116d [rng] Allow entropy source to be selected at runtime
As noted in commit 3c83843 ("[rng] Check for several functioning RTC
interrupts"), experimentation shows that Hyper-V cannot be trusted to
reliably generate RTC interrupts.  (As noted in commit f3ba0fb
("[hyperv] Provide timer based on the 10MHz time reference count
MSR"), Hyper-V appears to suffer from a general problem in reliably
generating any legacy interrupts.)  An alternative entropy source is
therefore required for an image that may be used in a Hyper-V Gen1
virtual machine.

The x86 RDRAND instruction provides a suitable alternative entropy
source, but may not be supported by all CPUs.  We must therefore allow
for multiple entropy sources to be compiled in, with the single active
entropy source selected only at runtime.

Restructure the internal entropy API to allow a working entropy source
to be detected and chosen at runtime.

Enable the RDRAND entropy source for all x86 builds, since it is
likely to be substantially faster than any other source.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-02-17 21:29:51 +00:00
Michael Brown
6a004be0cc [efi] Support the initrd autodetection mechanism in newer Linux kernels
Linux 5.7 added the ability to autodetect an initrd by searching for a
handle via a fixed vendor-specific "Linux initrd device path" and then
locating and using the EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL instance on that
handle.

This maps quite naturally onto our existing concept of a "magic
initrd" as introduced for EFI in commit e5f0255 ("[efi] Provide an
"initrd.magic" file for use by UEFI kernels").

Add an EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL instance to our EFI virtual files
(backed by simply calling the existing EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL
method to read from the file), and install the protocol instance for
the "initrd.magic" virtual file onto a new device handle that also
provides the Linux initrd device path.

The design choice in Linux of using a single fixed device path makes
this unfortunately messy to support, since device paths must be unique
within a system.  When multiple bootloaders are used (e.g. GRUB
loading iPXE loading Linux) then only one bootloader can ever install
the device path onto a handle.  Subsequent bootloaders must locate the
existing handle and replace the load file protocol instance with their
own.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-02-15 17:36:47 +00:00
Michael Brown
cf9ad00afc [efi] Fix debug message when reading from EFI virtual files
Show the requested range when a caller reads from a virtual file via
the EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL interface.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-02-15 17:20:39 +00:00
Michael Brown
4e456d9928 [efi] Do not attempt to drive PCI bridge devices
The "bridge" driver introduced in 3aa6b79 ("[pci] Add minimal PCI
bridge driver") is required only for BIOS builds using the ENA driver,
where experimentation shows that we cannot rely on the BIOS to fully
assign MMIO addresses.

Since the driver is a valid PCI driver, it will end up binding to all
PCI bridge devices even on a UEFI platform, where the firmware is
likely to have completed MMIO address assignment correctly.  This has
no impact on most systems since there is generally no UEFI driver for
PCI bridges: the enumeration of the whole PCI bus is handled by the
PciBusDxe driver bound to the root bridge.

Experimentation shows that at least one laptop will freeze at the
point that iPXE attempts to bind to the bridge device.  No deeper
investigation has been carried out to find the root cause.

Fix by causing efipci_supported() to return an error unless the
configuration space header type indicates a non-bridge device.

Reported-by: Marcel Petersen <mp@sbe.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-02-03 16:10:31 +00:00
Michael Brown
6f250be279 [efi] Allow autoexec script to be located alongside iPXE binary
Try loading the autoexec.ipxe script first from the directory
containing the iPXE binary (based on the relative file path provided
to us via EFI_LOADED_IMAGE_PROTOCOL), then fall back to trying the
root directory.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-02-01 23:54:19 +00:00
Michael Brown
4bb521a8c4 [efi] Accept a command line passed to an iPXE image via LoadOptions
Treat a command line passed to iPXE via UEFI LoadOptions as an image
to be registered at startup, as is already done for the .lkrn, .pxe,
and .exe BIOS images.

Originally-implemented-by: Ladi Prosek <lprosek@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-01-29 18:56:11 +00:00
Michael Brown
5220bdc524 [legal] Add missing FILE_LICENCE declaration to efi_path.c
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-01-28 17:15:16 +00:00
Michael Brown
2fef0c541e [efi] Extend efi_locate_device() to allow searching up the device path
Extend the functionality of efi_locate_device() to allow callers to
find instances of the protocol that may exist further up the device
path.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-01-23 19:27:13 +00:00
Michael Brown
1cd0a248cc [efi] Add efi_path_prev() utility function
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-01-23 19:27:13 +00:00
Michael Brown
204d39222a [efi] Add efi_path_terminate() utility function
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>
2023-01-23 19:27:11 +00:00