[riscv] Provide a DMA API implementation for RISC-V bare-metal systems

Provide an implementation of dma_map() that performs cache clean or
invalidation as required, and an implementation of dma_alloc() that
returns virtual addresses within the coherent mapping of the 32-bit
physical address space.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>

src/arch/riscv/core/riscv_dma.c

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 Michael Brown <mbrown@fensystems.co.uk>.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
+ * License, or any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+ * 02110-1301, USA.
+ *
+ * You can also choose to distribute this program under the terms of
+ * the Unmodified Binary Distribution Licence (as given in the file
+ * COPYING.UBDL), provided that you have satisfied its requirements.
+ */
+
+FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL );
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <ipxe/zicbom.h>
+#include <ipxe/iomap.h>
+#include <ipxe/dma.h>
+
+/** @file
+ *
+ * iPXE DMA API for RISC-V
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Map buffer for DMA
+ *
+ * @v dma		DMA device
+ * @v map		DMA mapping to fill in
+ * @v addr		Buffer address
+ * @v len		Length of buffer
+ * @v flags		Mapping flags
+ * @ret rc		Return status code
+ */
+static int riscv_dma_map ( struct dma_device *dma __unused,
+			   struct dma_mapping *map __unused,
+			   void *addr, size_t len, int flags ) {
+
+	/* Sanity check: we cannot support bidirectional mappings */
+	assert ( ! ( ( flags & DMA_TX ) & ( flags & DMA_RX ) ) );
+
+	/* Flush cached data to transmit buffers */
+	if ( flags & DMA_TX )
+		cache_clean ( addr, len );
+
+	/* Invalidate cached data in receive buffers */
+	if ( flags & DMA_RX )
+		cache_invalidate ( addr, len );
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Allocate and map DMA-coherent buffer
+ *
+ * @v dma		DMA device
+ * @v map		DMA mapping to fill in
+ * @v len		Length of buffer
+ * @v align		Physical alignment
+ * @ret addr		Buffer address, or NULL on error
+ */
+static void * riscv_dma_alloc ( struct dma_device *dma,
+				struct dma_mapping *map,
+				size_t len, size_t align ) {
+	physaddr_t phys;
+	void *addr;
+	void *caddr;
+
+	/* Allocate from heap */
+	addr = malloc_phys ( len, align );
+	if ( ! addr )
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* Invalidate any existing cached data */
+	cache_invalidate ( addr, len );
+
+	/* Record mapping */
+	map->dma = dma;
+	map->token = addr;
+
+	/* Calculate coherently-mapped virtual address */
+	phys = virt_to_phys ( addr );
+	assert ( phys == ( ( uint32_t ) phys ) );
+	caddr = ( ( void * ) ( intptr_t ) ( phys + SVPAGE_DMA32 ) );
+	assert ( phys == virt_to_phys ( caddr ) );
+	DBGC ( dma, "DMA allocated [%#08lx,%#08lx) via %p\n",
+	       phys, ( phys + len ), caddr );
+
+	return caddr;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Unmap and free DMA-coherent buffer
+ *
+ * @v dma		DMA device
+ * @v map		DMA mapping
+ * @v addr		Buffer address
+ * @v len		Length of buffer
+ */
+static void riscv_dma_free ( struct dma_mapping *map,
+			     void *addr, size_t len ) {
+
+	/* Sanity check */
+	assert ( virt_to_phys ( addr ) == virt_to_phys ( map->token ) );
+
+	/* Free original allocation */
+	free_phys ( map->token, len );
+
+	/* Clear mapping */
+	map->dma = NULL;
+	map->token = NULL;
+}
+
+PROVIDE_DMAAPI ( riscv, dma_map, riscv_dma_map );
+PROVIDE_DMAAPI_INLINE ( riscv, dma_unmap );
+PROVIDE_DMAAPI ( riscv, dma_alloc, riscv_dma_alloc );
+PROVIDE_DMAAPI ( riscv, dma_free, riscv_dma_free );
+PROVIDE_DMAAPI ( riscv, dma_umalloc, riscv_dma_alloc );
+PROVIDE_DMAAPI ( riscv, dma_ufree, riscv_dma_free );
+PROVIDE_DMAAPI_INLINE ( riscv, dma_set_mask );
+PROVIDE_DMAAPI_INLINE ( riscv, dma );

src/arch/riscv/core/zicbom.c

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL );
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <ipxe/hart.h>
 #include <ipxe/xthead.h>
-#include <ipxe/iobuf.h>
 #include <ipxe/zicbom.h>
 
 /** Minimum supported cacheline size
@@ -159,18 +158,18 @@ static struct cache_extension *cache_extension = &cache_auto;
  * @v start		Start address
  * @v len		Length
  */
-void cache_clean ( struct io_buffer *iobuf ) {
+void cache_clean ( const void *start, size_t len ) {
 	const void *first;
 	const void *last;
 
 	/* Do nothing for zero-length buffers */
-	if ( ! iob_len ( iobuf ) )
+	if ( ! len )
 		return;
 
 	/* Construct address range */
 	first = ( ( const void * )
-		  ( ( ( intptr_t ) iobuf->data ) & ~( CACHE_STRIDE - 1 ) ) );
-	last = ( iobuf->tail - 1 );
+		  ( ( ( intptr_t ) start ) & ~( CACHE_STRIDE - 1 ) ) );
+	last = ( start + len - 1 );
 
 	/* Clean cache lines */
 	cache_extension->clean ( first, last );
@@ -182,18 +181,18 @@ void cache_clean ( struct io_buffer *iobuf ) {
  * @v start		Start address
  * @v len		Length
  */
-void cache_invalidate ( struct io_buffer *iobuf ) {
+void cache_invalidate ( void *start, size_t len ) {
 	void *first;
 	void *last;
 
 	/* Do nothing for zero-length buffers */
-	if ( ! iob_len ( iobuf ) )
+	if ( ! len )
 		return;
 
 	/* Construct address range */
 	first = ( ( void * )
-		  ( ( ( intptr_t ) iobuf->data ) & ~( CACHE_STRIDE - 1 ) ) );
-	last = ( iobuf->tail - 1 );
+		  ( ( ( intptr_t ) start ) & ~( CACHE_STRIDE - 1 ) ) );
+	last = ( start + len - 1 );
 
 	/* Invalidate cache lines */
 	cache_extension->invalidate ( first, last );

src/arch/riscv/include/bits/dma.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef _BITS_DMA_H
+#define _BITS_DMA_H
+
+/** @file
+ *
+ * RISCV-specific DMA API implementations
+ *
+ */
+
+FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL );
+
+#include <ipxe/riscv_dma.h>
+
+#endif /* _BITS_DMA_H */

src/arch/riscv/include/ipxe/riscv_dma.h

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#ifndef _IPXE_RISCV_DMA_H
+#define _IPXE_RISCV_DMA_H
+
+/** @file
+ *
+ * iPXE DMA API for RISC-V
+ *
+ */
+
+FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL );
+
+#ifdef DMAAPI_RISCV
+#define DMAAPI_PREFIX_riscv
+#else
+#define DMAAPI_PREFIX_riscv __riscv_
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Unmap buffer
+ *
+ * @v map		DMA mapping
+ */
+static inline __always_inline void
+DMAAPI_INLINE ( riscv, dma_unmap ) ( struct dma_mapping *map __unused ) {
+
+	/* Nothing to do */
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set addressable space mask
+ *
+ * @v dma		DMA device
+ * @v mask		Addressable space mask
+ */
+static inline __always_inline void
+DMAAPI_INLINE ( riscv, dma_set_mask ) ( struct dma_device *dma __unused,
+					physaddr_t mask __unused ) {
+
+	/* Nothing to do */
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get DMA address from virtual address
+ *
+ * @v map		DMA mapping
+ * @v addr		Address within the mapped region
+ * @ret addr		Device-side DMA address
+ */
+static inline __always_inline physaddr_t
+DMAAPI_INLINE ( riscv, dma ) ( struct dma_mapping *map __unused, void *addr ) {
+
+	/* Use physical address as device address */
+	return virt_to_phys ( addr );
+}
+
+#endif /* _IPXE_RISCV_DMA_H */

src/arch/riscv/include/ipxe/svpage.h

@@ -23,4 +23,11 @@ IOMAP_INLINE ( svpage, io_to_bus ) ( volatile const void *io_addr ) {
 	return ( ( intptr_t ) io_addr );
 }
 
+/** Base virtual address for coherent DMA mappings
+ *
+ * The 64-bit page table includes an uncached mapping of the 32-bit
+ * address space at this virtual address.
+ */
+#define SVPAGE_DMA32 0xffffffc000000000ULL
+
 #endif /* _IPXE_SVPAGE_H */

src/arch/riscv/include/ipxe/zicbom.h

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@
 
 FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL );
 
-#include <ipxe/iobuf.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
 
-extern void cache_clean ( struct io_buffer *iobuf );
-extern void cache_invalidate ( struct io_buffer *iobuf );
+extern void cache_clean ( const void *start, size_t len );
+extern void cache_invalidate ( void *start, size_t len );
 
 #endif /* _IPXE_ZICBOM_H */

src/config/defaults/sbi.h

@@ -10,15 +10,16 @@
 FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL );
 
 #define IOAPI_RISCV
-#define DMAAPI_FLAT
 #define UACCESS_OFFSET
 #define TIMER_ZICNTR
 #define ENTROPY_ZKR
 
 #if __riscv_xlen == 64
 #define IOMAP_SVPAGE
+#define DMAAPI_RISCV
 #else
 #define IOMAP_VIRT
+#define DMAAPI_FLAT
 #endif
 
 #define CONSOLE_SBI

src/include/bits/dma.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#ifndef _BITS_DMA_H
+#define _BITS_DMA_H
+
+/** @file
+ *
+ * Dummy architecture-specific DMA API implementations
+ *
+ * This file is included only if the architecture does not provide its
+ * own version of this file.
+ *
+ */
+
+FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL );
+
+#endif /* _BITS_DMA_H */

src/include/ipxe/dma.h

@@ -345,6 +345,9 @@ DMAAPI_INLINE ( op, dma ) ( struct dma_mapping *map, void *addr ) {
 	return ( virt_to_phys ( addr ) + map->offset );
 }
 
+/* Include all architecture-dependent DMA API headers */
+#include <bits/dma.h>
+
 /**
  * Map buffer for DMA
  *